Oil burner



- W.. H. MILLER OIL BURNER Filad Sept. 16,

Patented Apr. 6, 1926.

Unirse sra-'rss PA TENT/@Fmt WALTER H. MILLER, oF LEBANon,-PENNSYLVANIA,Assenonro BETHLEHEM sTEEL ooMPANY, 0E BETHLEHEM, PENNSYLVANIA.

oir. EENEE.

To @Uw/om` t may concern."

Beit known thatY I, WALTER' I'rhliLLEn, a citizen of the United States,a resident of Lebanon, county ofLeb'anon, and State of Pennsylvania,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil Burners, ofwhich the following' is a specification. c

This invention relates to liquid fuel burn; ers for heating purposes',and is particularly adapted ttor burning tar. It includes a steamorcompressedy air ejector so arranged that it will, by its suction orthepartial vacuum created by' it, draw the tar'jat the desired rate forburningtroin a source of sup'- ply, thus avoiding the necessityrformaintaining the tar under pressure and the incident expense formechanism for produc-ing and maintaining suchpressure. It includes meansforpaltomizing the ejected cil mixed With air or steam, solely throughthe? action I of a circular jet of steam or air as distinguished from a.mechanical atomizer, and it supplies vair in considerable volume undersome pressure to thel atolniz'ed mixture to support combustion. Thepassage Ways for the liquid fuel and` gaseous fluid;throughout `theburner through and including the discharge end haue no valves,contra'ctedy portions or any stationary physical'. lching interposed inthe path of trayelof the iiuid', and"A thus the lionr is free andunobstructed throughout.Kv The device is of such. simple constructionthat.v it maybe made in the lield by ordinary mechanics from'st'andardpipes, pipe couplings and bushings, without niaq chining or other Workexcept connecting the parts together inY properv relationsby screwthreaded joints. Thesupplies otl liquid Vfuel andgaseous fluidareregulated solely by Valves. in the gaseous yfluid supply pipes, andit hask been foundin practice that this simple devicelis.` capable ofsuch regulationv as to ,insure complete combustion ofl tar delivered toit, Without the aid of gaseous fuel as has beenfound necessary with mostother types ofttar burners. rllhenoyel features Will be more fullyunderstood from the followingy description andV claims taken with thedran/ings.,

In thedrawingszc l, c l Y Figure .1j is a longitudinal section throughthe burner proper, and",4 c c Figurekis aside View ofthe burner with itspipe connections..

In the embodiment ofthe invention shown in the drawin 0s' the small,inner pipe'lO is tion with one of the openingsin `the coui pling 13, anditsdischarge end projects' Some .distance from the oppositeA side of thecon pling.v A pipe 15' is connected to thethird side opening 1o of thecoupling 13 and supplies a liquid fuel and has a branch pipe 17connected tof a supply of' tar which is p-referably'iheated so-as torender 'it suiii ciently fluid to be drawn up into the burner. The pipe15y is also connected by a branch 18 to a source of oil supply'for usein starting the operation of the yburner betoreopen# ing theconnectionfor the` supply of tar. A pipe 19` has` screw threaded engagement at oneend in the opening in the"k coupling 13 around pipe 10andl is concentrictherewith and extends materially beyond the `end of pipe 10.Apipecoupling 2O surrounds the pipe 19 near'the coupling 13 and the pipe19' passe'sthrough the bi'ishinfg 21"in one ot' the aligned openings ofthe coupling 2Ov and isvr thereby connected to the coupling. A

nectedtto'th'efthird opening 23 "of the coupling 2l) `and has valvecontrolled branches 2ey and 25' adapted to be `connected respectiiely toa` containerfor compressed air and a' sourjceiof'steam.' Apipe`26 issecured at one end in the'opening in the coupling around the pipe '19and projects there :troinaround and concentric to the pipe 19 toapproximately. its discharge end. Preterably the pipe 26 terminates alittle short o t the end' of the pipe 19 l pipe coupling 27' surroundsthe tufo pipes 19 and 26 which pass centrally. through its two alignedkopenings andare yheld"V in pla/'ce' by tliebushing 28 engaging theouterpipe' 2G and one of ther tion. The air may be forced in through a pipeSO by a fan or other suitable means.

In operation the jet of compressed air or steam discharged by pipe 10into the pipe 19 will, because of the small circular space around it andthe length of the pipe 19 beyond the discharge, act as an ejectorcreating a partial Vacuum behind the point of discharge thus drawing thetar from vthe source of supply through the pipe 15 without the necessityof applying pressure to the tar supply. rlhe tar and steam or air willbe more or less intimately mixed during their passage through the pipe19 and at the discharge end of that pipe the circular jet of compressedair or steam from the pipe .26 will servel to thoroughly atomize themixture and the air supplied tl'irougli pipe 30 around -the dischargeend of said pipe will be distributed throughout the atoinized mixtureand support combustion. As shown, suitable valves are used to regulateand control the supply of the gaseous fiuid in the form of steam orcompressed air and the supply of liquid fuel is regulated, indirectly,by these valves. The fan blast through pipe 30 may also be controlled byan ordinary valve mechanism.

Having thus described my invention what is claimed as new and desired tobe secured by Letters Patent is:

l. In a liquid fuel burner, the combination of' a mixing tube connectedto a source of fuel supply, means providing a jet-of motive fluid in themixing tube for the entrainment of fuel, for admixtuie with the latter,and for the translation of the resultant mixture, a second mixing tubecoaxial with the first mixing tube, of materially larger diameter thanthe latter and having the discharge end portion of the first mixing tubearranged therein, means providing an annular jet of motive fluid betweenthe tubes for atomizing the mixture discharged from the first tube,means for passing a forced-d `aft stream of air about the last-namedmeans for admixture with the atomized mixture, and means for regulatingthe fiow of air through the last-nained means to secure properadinixture of such air with the. atomized mixture issuing from the firstmixing tube.

2. The combination with an ejector` for entraining liquid fuel by a jetof highvelocity motive fluid and including a mixing tube for thedischarge of the resultant mixture of motive fluid and fuel, of a secondmixing tube of materially larger diameter than the first mixing tube andoverlapping the discharge end of the. latter, a tube member surroundingthe first. mixing tube, having its discharge end arranged between themixing tubes, and being connected to a source of fiuid under pressure toprovide for an annular jet of motive fiuid to atomize means forregulating the flow of air through the last-named means tov secureproper adinixture thereof with theatomized mixture issuing from thefirst mixing tube, at a point back of the annular jet.

3. In a liquid fuel burner, the combination of a mixing tube connectedto a source of fuel supply, means providing a jet of motive fiuid in themixing tube for the entrainment of fuel, for admixture with the latter,and for translation of the resultant mixture, a second mixing tubecoaxial with the first mixing tube, of materially larger diameter thanthe latter and having its inlet end portion overlapping the dischargeend portion of the first mixing tube, an air supply chamber surroundingthe first mixing tube and in open communicationV with the inlet end ofthe second mixing tube, va mo-' tive fluid supply tube teleseopicallyarranged with respect to the first mixing tube,traversing said airchamber, and terminating wit-hin the inlet end of the second mixing tubeto provide, with respect to the first mixing tube, an annular jetdischarging into the second mixing tube.

4. In a liquid fuel burner, the combination of a first mixing tube ofuniform diameter, a second mixing tube of uniform but of larger diameterthan the first tube, the discharge end portion of the first tube beingdisposed within the inlet end portion of the second tube, a vfirstmotive fluid tube for supplying a jet of motive fluid axially of andwithin the first tube, vmeans for supplying fuel to the first tuberearwardly of the discharge end of the first motive fiuid tube, a secondmotive fluid tube surrounding the first mixing tube and having itsdischarge end arranged between the inletend of the second mixing tubeand the discharge end of the first mixing tube, an air supply chambei'surrounding the second motive fluid tube and in open communication withthe second mixing tube.

5. In a liquid fuel burn-er, the combination of a first mixing tube ofuniform diameter, a second mixing tube of uniform but larger diameterthan the first tube, the discharge end portion of the first tube beingdisposed within the inlet end portion of the second tube, a firstT-coupling having one arm connected to the inlet end of the first mixingtube, a first motive fluid supply tube connected to and passing throughthe opposed arm of the coupling and terminating within and rearwardly ofthe inlet end of the first mixing tube, liquid fuel supply meansconnected to the third arm of'tlie coupling, a second T-couplingsurrounding and having one arm connected to the first Vmixing tube, asecond motive fluid tube connected to the opposed armof the secondcoupling and telescopically arranged with respect to the first mixingtube, means for supplying motive fluid to the third arm of the secondcoupling, a third coupling surrounding the telescoping first mixing andarm connected to the second motive fluid tube and having its opposed armconnected to the second mixing tube, and means for supplying air to thethird arm of the third coupling. 'y

6. A burner construction of the type described comprising, incombination, an inner pipe for gaseous fluid under highk pressure havinga substantially uniform inner diameter to and including its dischargeend, a concentric unobstructed tube of uniform diameter surrounding thedischarge endy of said first mentioned tube and extending a materialdistance beyond that discharge end; means connecting. said lastmentioned tube at the rear of the discharge end of said i first tube toa source of supply of liquid fuel, the relative sizes of said tubesbeing such that they will act as an ejector creating a partial vacuum inthe rear of the inner pipe discharge thus drawing in the liquid fuel,and means at the outlet end of said second mentioned tube for subjectingthe escaping mixture of liquid fuel and gaseous fluid to a surroundingjet of gaseous fluid vto atomizeit, and an enlarged tube of uni-` at itsinner endV for a short distance and discharging therein, means forforcing gaseous fluid under pressure through said innermost pipe intosaid next outer pipe, producing suction by 'ejector action, meansconnecting said next outer pipe to a source of supply of liquid fuel'whereby said fuel will be drawn into said pipe solely by the suctionproduced by the e3ector action of the gaseous fluid, the next outer pipearound the last mentioned pipe terminating at approximately the outletend of said lastmentioned pipe, and means for passing gaseous fluidthrough said last mentioned pipe which in escapingk spraysthe escapingmixture of liquid fuel and gaseous fluid, and an enlarged outer pipe forsupplying air under pressure to aid in supporting combustion.

8. A tai' burner comprising iii combination a series of concentricallyarranged spaced pipes each being of uniform diameter a thir throughoutincluding its discharge end, the

inner and smallest pipe of the series for steam or compressed airentering the end of the next outer pipe in the'series for liquid fuel.for only ak small portion of its length at its inlet end, the nextouter pipe for compressed air or steam surrounding said fuel secondmotive fluid tubes and having oney lto a pointv near its inlet end andspaced pipe vfrom approximately its discharge end therefrom only Vashort distance andthe outermost pipe of the series for a blast of portcombustion.

,A burner of the type described comprising in combination, a pipecoupling having a pipe secured at one end in one of its VJiwo alignedopenings fand extending a material distance therefrom, a bushing in theopposite opening of ysaid coupling,-a pipe having a diameter less thanthat of the first pipe extendingthrough-said bushing concentrically intothe end of said first pipe, 4

llan inlet pipe for liquid fuel connected to the third side opening ofsaid coupling, a second larger pipe coupling having a pipe secured inand projecting from one of its aligned openings and a bushing in theother aligned opening the ysaid second mentioned pipe passing throughsaid last mentioned bushn ing, coupling and pipe approximately to theend of the pipe and an inlet pipe for gaseous fluid under pressureconnected to the third side opening of the last mentioned bushing,

pipe coupling materially larger than the others having a pipe secured atone end in one of its aligned openings and projecting therefrom and abushing in the other aligned opening through which thel last twoprevilGO ously mentioned pipes pass into the end of f the last mentionedpipe andan air supply pipe connected to the third side opening of saidlast mentioned bushing.

lO. A burner of the type described coniprising in combination, a pipecoupling having'a pipe of uniforminterior diameter secured at one end inone of its two aligned openings and extending a material distancetherefrom, a bushing in the oppositev opening of said coupling,'a pipehaving a uniform interior diameter less than that of the first pipeextending through said bushing concentrically into e end of said firstpipe, an inlet pipe for liquid fuel connected to the third side openingof said coupling, a second larger pipe coupling having a pipe of uniformdiameter secured in and projecting from one of its aligned openings anda bushing in the other aligned opening the said second mentioned pipepassing through said last mentioned bushing, coupling andfpipeapproximately` to the end of the pipe and an inlet pipe for gaseous Huidunder pressure 'connected t0 the third 'iside opening of ille lustmentioned bushing-a third pipe 'conplingnmcerizi'lly larger than theothers luwing ,a pipe of uniform -'clififmeterl secured at one enel inone of 4ite, aligned openings and projecting therefrom and -a bushing inythe other aligned 'opening' through Which-fthe .last two previouslylmentioned pipee` lpaies into 1blue end; of the last mentioned pipe und10 an Yair supply pipe Connected to the uLhircl side Open-ing Iof saidlast mentioned bushing.

` lin 'testimony 'whereof I hereunto affix my signature.

WALTER H. MILLER,

